Railway-car truck.



E. W. SUMMERS. RAILWAY CAR TRUCK.

APruc/mou mln omas. lsu.

Patent/ed June 29, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

. bar

F'IG.2

n IN VENTUR.

E. W. SUMMERS.

l RAILWAY CAR TRUCK. APP'ucmon man n:c.29. m4.

Patented-June 29, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 7

Fl'ksLey FIG. 5

WITNESSES.'

INVENTOR.

yYN' NURIII PITIRI $0.. FNUTOUTNO WAININOTUN. l1 C.

EDGAR SUMMEBS, OIF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

RAILWAY-CAR TRUCK.

l Specication of Letters Patent.

Application tiled. December 29, 1914. Serial No. 879,499.

To allfwliom, it may concern.' I

Beit known that I, EDGAR W. SUMiunns, a

'resident '-of Pittsburgh, in the county' vof Allegheny and State of Pennsylyania, liaye invented a new and usefullmprovementin Railway-Car Trucks, of which fthe followv 'f andy on theleft hand side the underneath ing` isa specification.

his invention relates to railway car trucks. v v

The object of the invention is to provide a railway car truck with means for sup orting the car body thereon soarranged t attlie ear body is always balanced; .is not subyected to severe strainswhen runnin 'over twisted track; in which the load oft e car bod isA more evenl distributed among the our corners of tie car body when running over twisted track than with standard tyes of largely yif not entirely overcome; lvwhereby kfriction between the Vwheel iiai'iges and rails and consequently wheel ilangeand lrail hea wear is also largelyl overcome; the amount of power necessary to pull'the ear' around curves and over twistedtraeky isreducedl; andwli'ereby the poundingaction-.of ,the wheels on the4 traek,. due to the swin ing of the car -body and closing up ofthe si e bearings with 'standard forms of trucks islargely avoided, thereby avoiding"'-pounding the track out ofalinement.

The above and other objects are secured by supporting the car body on the truck through the intervention of lever or rocker members so arranged that when runnin on twisted 'or irregular track, the wei ht o the car body and its load is adjusta ly transmitted to the truck in a manner to distribute the load among the four corners of the car body and prevent the car body from being supported substantiall at y two '-diagonall opposite corners, as ist e case with the ordinary center plate supporting lside bearin trucks, inwhicli if the track has a twist o to exceed 115 inches in a'length equal to the distance between the center lines of trucks, the load ofthe car body is supported entirely on two of its diagonal y opposite corners. 4 For. the attainment of the' foregoing objectsI the invention comprises the consti-uction and arrangements ofparts hereinafter described and claimed.

Inthe accompanyingdrawings Figure 1 is a side View of a car truck embodyingr the invention, showing the body bolster of the car in section; Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the car truck and body underfranie Fig. 8 is a top lan view showing ontlie right hand side t e truck bolster,

cross` connecting bar; Figs. 4 and 4 are detail views of one of the side bearing universal members; Fig. is a diagrammatic view illustratingbthe balancing principle of the truck; vand 4igs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are diagrammatic yiews illustrating modied arrangements ofthe invention.

In the drawings 1 ie nesents the truck side frame; 2 the truck w eels; 3 'the spring plank; 4 the springs;,and 5 the spring caps of` Ithe truck. All of theseJ partsmay be of the usual standard, or any other desired construction, and theparticular forms of these artslillustratedinthe drawings is merely illustrative-of one form which these parts may take; The4 car body may also be of any kind or construction, and the drawings illustrate merely a portion of the underframe,

comprising essentially the body bolster 6 and the longitudinal center or draft sills 7. In the usual standard constructions of railway -cars and trucks the body is supported on center plates, secured respectively to the car underrame and to the truelc bo ster, thereby su porting the load entirely upon ysmall bearing surfaces at the central longitudinal line of the car. To limit the sidewise swin ing or rocking motion of the car body, side carin s are provided between the truck and body olsters, usually located approximately in the vertical planes of the truck wheels. The general practice is to allow from ,1% to il o an inch clearance between such side bearings, of an inch being .the maximum permissible. As a consequence, if the ear runs on a track which has a twist of more than 11i inches in a length equal to the distance between the transverse center lines of the trucks, the side bearings on two diagonally op osite corners of the car close togther and tie car body is then supported entirely upon these two diagonally opposite corners.. .This not only im oses a very seyere twistlng strain upon tie ear body, but if the car body is substantially rigid (as is the ease with modern steel car constructions, particularly tank cars) the load is thrown entirely upon the wheels on two diagonally Patented J une 29, 1915. 4

opposite corners of the 'car,`the opposite wheels in each truck beinfr practical y free from any load and thereore very readily jump up until the flanges can ride over the rail, causing derailinent. Other very serious disadvantages result, sueh .as producing a very heavy frictionbetween the wheel anUes and the rail heads, and particularly does the closing up of the side bearings, .Whether on p twisted track, or due to the swaying or rockv ing lof the car body, roduee a very severe pounding on the trac which soon gets its out of alinement. `W'ithffmy im rovedfconstruction the center plate and side bearings` as ordinarily used are entirely dispensed with, and in lieu thereof a'construction-provided wliereb the car bodyautomatically balances itsel and distributes the load more evenly on all the four' corners, and articularly whereby the pounding action a ove reerred to is entirel overcome.

In the improvec construction I provide a transverse truck member 9, which takes the place of the ordinary truck bolster, but

which can be made very much lighter than ordinary truck holsters because it carries very little load. This member fits between the columns ofthe truck side frames and isl however is Icarried. at this point, `,and consequently the truekbolster 9 can be a relatively li .htbea'in." Thetruck bolster atfits ends is bifurcated, as shown at'l inFig. Bpand is provided with` castings lftwhich are provided with seats 15 for Ireceiving tliefuleruui portions 16 of downwardl inclined members 17 which will be hereina ter termed i lever members. These members 17 are of the form shown in Figs. 2=and 3, having at their upper outer edges the-projecting fulerum parts 16, and having 'substantially downwardly kand inwardly inclined portions 18, which in eli'ect form inclined lever arms,

and "substantially horizontally." projecting portions 19 wliich'form in elect horizontal lever arms. The inclined lever arms 18 of the I two opposite members 17are'connected by a erossconnectin bar-20 which in the embodiment shown in 4igs. 1' to'5 isa tension-member,l andy is suitablysecared tothe inclined levery arms 18,-such` as bybeing provided at itsfends withloops 21 into which hook portions-22 on the lower ends of said lever arms project. In order to compensate for wear of parts and also to assist in the proper assembling of the parts the cross connecting castings 24, having therein-inverted sockets into which project the upper ends 'of the supporting members 25, whose lower ends *rest upo'n castings 2G which in turn rest' in sockets27- formed in the upper surface of the leverfarms t19. The upper ends of the members 25 are rounded so that said members 'have' a rolling or rocking movement longitudinally of the car in the sockets 24. Likewise the lower ends of members 26 are rounded, (see Fig. 4) so that said members canrock in the-sockets'27, with a rolling action, laterally of the track. Likewise the upper ends of members 26 are rounded, as shown at128 (see Fig. 4u) andrest in sockets 29 in the lower ends of the members 25, so as to allowfff'or a rocking or rolling movement longitudinally of the track. The upper ends ofthe me1nbers25 likewise are rounded so ythat-'tl`iey`fliave a slieht rocking or rolling vmovement in the 'castings'.Z/l, laterally of. the

-track.` :All of th'e'bearing parts are rounded,

so that themovements are substantially rollving ones, andztheseveral rocking movements are such that' a true universal connection is rovided @in the support between the 'ear odyfar'idl the, lever'menibers v17. The Ufulcrum rrle'inbers!16` areaalso rounded, so that they havelarolling motion in the seats 15, anc the connections ybetweentheluwer ends of lever'arms 18- and thel ends of the cross connectin `bar 2O are also rounded-so that there isa so substantially ya rolling-movementat thispoint. As a consequence, :Eriction. is reduced to a minimum throughout, andthe -wear of parts 'due to sliding friction is eliminated and the necessity for lubrication favoided' Witli' the =eonstruction described the car body has no,` rocking orswaying motion, it being supportedentirely at the sides, instead of atthelcenter,.and, furthermore, the body balances vitself .and staysy substantially horizontal, entirely irrespective of irregu arities or `twister in thetrack. 4This is clear from an examination ofFi 5, whichv in'full lines shows the lever memers 17 innormal position, that is, when upon a perfectly flat track. .*When the car strikes a warped track the wheels on one side of the leading truck are elevated, while those of the trailing truck are not disturbed. If in Fig. 5 we assume that the wheels on` the left hand side are elevated the eil'ect is the same as though the car body-at thatside were lowered. This causes the lever members 17 to swing to the positions shown in dottedlines, with the horizontal leverI arm 19 on the high wheel side slightly depressed to permit that corner of the car body to be lowered somewhat, and the inclined lever arm 18 swung downwardly to assume more nearly a vertical osition: #This pulls on the cross-connecting` ar 20, thereby swinging the lever member 17 on the right hand or low wheel side to 'the position shown in dotted lines, withthe inclined arm 19 swung still farther-toward-a-.horizontal position, and the horizontal lever arm^18 swung upwardly to exert alfting action on that corner of the car body. As a conseuence, the load is not all supported'upon t ie'left hand or higher wheels, as with the old construction, butis distributed 4between the wheels on the two olpposite sidesf It can be shown mathematica that with atrack having a twist e ualto t ie worst conditions that are met wit i-in actual service, at least 10% of the load is transferred to'the low wheel side of the. truck, leaving only 60% on the high wheel side. This gives such distribution.- of the load under irregular track conditions as to prevent the load being carried mostly on two diagonally opposite'corners of ,the car, thereby preventing the warping; ortwisting of the car body, and eveniwith' a.`

erfectl rigid car body preventin derailiiient friim this cause.. Instead of lifting a corner of thecar, as withtheoldfconstruetions the end of the car body'as a whole 1s l uilibriuin and preventing rocking of the y;

It will be observed that in moving lfrom the full line to the dotted line position, in Fig. 5 the' inclined lever arms have varied materially in length, while the horizontal lover arms have not varied=materially inl length. It will. be further observed that the inclined lever'arin on the highiwheel side has increased ineffective `lengtln-,while the inclinedlever armton the low wheel side has decrensed'in effective length.- It lisjthe lifting' aetiononr the carbodyon thelovv1 wheel side','='which, through "the cross connecting bar, reacts upon the rocking lever member on" the high wheel side,V and preventsI said rockin -lever member going entirely down. Since oth ends of `the cross connectingl bar must exert the same pull in oi'der to produce equilibrium, the' change' in"efl`ective length of theincline'd lever.I arms produces a condition'tndcrwhich a relatively small loadI on the'low wheel side 'will'balance the loadl on thehigh `wheel side, and since thehorizontal lever armsremain of substantially constant lengthywhile Ithai-inclined lever arms on the low wheel side decrease -in effective length and those on thefhigh wheel side' increase in effective-'len h, a conditiol is produced which-.iapi ly runs into the infinite, and whichrapidly establishes .This balancing of the ca'r body is coincident with the track conditions, and because of the variation in the effective lengths of the lever arms equilibrium of the -car body 1s gradually established :and without sudden shock, so that there can be no pounding of the truck wheels on the track, with the consequent evil effects on Vtrack alinement. Furthermore, with this arrangement the heavy friction whichis coincident with the usual truck and car construction when the car is passing around curves or over twisted track is-entirely avoided, so that not only is less power required to pull the car around curves and over twisted track, but the heavy wheel flange and rail head wear is also avoided.

Theinvention may be applied Ain various ways,an'din Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 several differentlarran ements are shown diagraminaticaIIyQyIn i .'6, the inclined lever arms 181-.pro`ject-inwar ly and` upwardly .instead cfg-inwardly and l downwardly, as in the mainV form shown,`while-in Fig. 7 these inolin'ed-leverrarms proj ect downwardly and outwardly.l y:In thesflatter case the cross connectiiigbarAv 20 is f'placed under compression "finstead-of' under tension. :In- Figs. 8f-'. andt9 the lever members' 17- are shown -fuleruined to the carbody instead of toj-thetruck.` In

lFig.l Sgtheinclined lever arms l8r-,are in-y clined upwardlyIv and outwardly, -,while-in latter case it is placed under tension. Variousother j modifiedarrangements may be -made without departing from the principle .of the invention.

2.1 It is an essential feature of my invention, 1n` each arrangement illustrated, thatwhenever the cari-runs. onto atwisted track, the ar' body` is"lifted against gravity, and it ishthis lifting'offjthecar body which producesequilibriuui`,1fand:` enables the lever members to resumetheirhnormal positions as soon as the car passes ofl the twisted track...'\=

-What 'I claim is :-4 A.1`.--'llhe'combination wi ha car body and 1.a truck'under each end thereof, said trucks constitiitingjtlie sole supportfor the car body, each truck being swiveled to the car body about a center' -within the sides and ends of theti fof a pair of lever or rocker 'membersintorposed between the car body andl truckjand arranged to adjustably transinit :the weightof 'the feary body and its load .to the tr11ek,and means ccnnectingthe truck to the car body and arranged to center the truck relative :to the car-body.

2. Thevcombination with? a car body and a truck'under each endthereof, said: trucks constituting thesole support for the car body, '-each truck being swiveled to the car .bodysabont a center within the sides .and

ends of the truck, of a pair of lever or rockerl members,"-interposed between the can-body and truck,\;connections between said pair of lever ori-ecker members whereby when one of said members is moved in` one effective direction the other isI movedin the opporocker members interposed betweenv .the car` body and truck, each' of .said 'membersihaviing lever varias of variable leffective:length and arranged to transmit `and distribute the weight of the end .off the ear body and ;its loady to lthe triiclawand meanswconneeting the truck to the'zear.l .body` andfarrangedto center-the truckI relative tothe-car bo e5 "gif 12..flhe combination with .a car body and. aatruck undeneaehy end thereof, said trucks constit'uting'fthe sole support forsthe, car bodyyeaeh truck being swiveledlto the car body about A a center withiny thesides and 40 ends of the vtruclcyfof a'=.'pair ef-'lever -'or roekerimembers interposed'between the 'car body and truclnfeah .of said'.members'hav-l ing 'lever arms'A of .variable effective length, vconnections'.between isaidipair. of lever or rocker members="whereby when one-of said i members Iis moved in a direction Ito increase .its' effective leverl arm' the opposite.` member ismovedin a direction to` decrease its'efective lever arm, and-meansiconnecting the truck tothe 'car-ibodynnd' arranged to eenter the track relativetotheearbody..\' l

5. The combnatienawilthexa'ear body and a truck. under.,l Seach A'endv'tthereef' and swiveled .relative thereto, saidftrucks comprising 56 tliezentire ysapportpfor the ear body,";fjof a {iair of levenprrocker membersintleii'csed f ietween4 the car i body..y sandftruelcil'rnn 'Jar- 'car lbed, .and

relative thereto 0 5 entire supporti-f l .Mtthoear'body and rangedtoadpistablytransinitathe'iwei ht .of

. l I l u I d .icomprising-the entire sa ort for `the car atruck under'each'endthdrcof:an'dfswiveled fb' d pp sind amelmcfmprisingf the or..the';carlhddy, of a' pairiof v.aaalchfof saidmeliibers having lever arms of 1b 'relative thereto, 'said-"trucks comprising the entiresupport 'for the car. body, of a pair of `lever or rocker members interposed between the car body and truck, each of said members having lever arms of variable effective' len th and arranged to distribute yanditransrnlt the weight. of the car body and its load to the/truck, and means to prevent displacementof the carl body laterally of thetruck.

8. The combinationwith a car body and a truck under each end thereof'and swiveled relative thereto said trucks comprising#thev entire support orthe car body, of a pairfof .lever or rocker members interposed between the'car body and truck, each of said mem- Ibers having lever arms of variable effective length, connections between said mir of lever or rocker members whereby w ien one of .said members is moved-.n -a` direction te in- -.erea'se-its effective lever arm Ithe opposite -ineinber is moved ina direction'fto."decrease litsy effective lever;- arm, and-means to. prevent displacement of the .can body laterally of the truck. 9. Thecombination with a earbody and a .truck under each end thereof, said trucks 4comprising `the entire lsupport for the car body, of'a Eair oflever or rocker members 'interposed etwee'nfthekcar body and truck fand. arrangedfltoA adiustably transmit the wei ht of the endet the car body and its lloa to the truck, and a king pinconnection Ibetween the ear body and truck. 10. Thecombination with` a car bodyand y a; trucl: .under each .end thereof,I said trucks )comprising the .entire support for the -car body, of a pair \of,lever;f or rockerimembers b etween the -car. ..body and truck, connec-v it1ons-.betweensaxd paigiuof lever or rocker -members whereby iwhen one 'of said members 1s moved infoneefective Idirection the Gother lsmoved in the oppositeeifective di- ',fr'ectionto therebydistributethe weight of 0 V its loud between. the two sidesfofzthe truck, and a king )incenneetion kbetweenthe car body and true t.

A11. .".lhecombinationv within ear body and 'a truck yunder each end thereof, said trucks o y of 'a.pa1r,of lever or'roeker mem- ;bersinterposed .between the body and truck,

variable effective length and arranged to distribute and transmit. the weight of the eary bodyand its loud to the truck, and a king pin connectionbetween the car body and truck. ,y i A Vl2. The combination with a car body and a truckl underaeacli`l end thereof, said trucks comprising thefe'iitire support for the car body, of a air 'of .lever-or rocker members interposedgetweennthe car body` and truck, each of said members having lever arms of variable effective; lcngth, connections between'said air of lever or rocker members whereby Awien .one'rof ,said members is moved in onejdirectionl to increase its effective lever arm they op osite member is moved in aI direction to ieerease its eiiectivo lever arm,I and .a kin T pin connection between the car body and trnck.

13. The combination with a car body and avtruck under each end thereof and swiveled relative thereto said trucks comprising the entire support or the car body, of a pair of lever or rocker members interposed between the car body and truck and located respectively in or near the yvertical plane of the truck wheels` each `oi said members having lever arms of variable effective length, connections between said pair of lever or rocker members whereby when vvone of said members is moved ina direction to increase its effective leverarm the opposite member. ie moved in a direction todecrease its eiiective lever arm, and meansgconnecting the truck tothe car body andarranged to center the truck relative 'tothe car body.

a trucic'funder each end thereof and swiveled relative thereto, said trucks'c'omprising the erfitire-supportffor the ,cari body, ofl a pair 0 tweenthe car body and truck and located respectively in or near the vertical-plane of the truck wheels, each of said members having lever arms of variable effective length,

o 14;- The combination with a car lbody andl connections between said pair of lever or .when oneof said irection to increase rocker members whereb members is moved, infa its., effective lever arm ,the l`opposite. member Ibody, cfa air of leverI orrcker'memb'ers inter osed etwelenthefcarbody and truck` and oeated ,respectively-liner near the vvertical ,planeoft e truck wheels each"of said membershaving leverrla'i'msfo y fective length, connections between said air of ,1ever.or rockenmembereivhereby w en one of said. members ,is moved in a direction to increase its-,effective lever.I arm the 'oppolever or rocker members .interposed be.

body, of a site memberis moved in a direction to d ecrease its effective lever arm and a king pin connection between the car body and truck.

16. The combination with a car body and a truck under each end thereof and swiveled thereto,said trucks constituting the sole support for the car body, of a air of lever or rocker members interposed etween the .car body and truck, each of said members having a horizontal arm and an inclined arm, the horizontal arms being arranged to support the car body and the inclined arms being oppositely inclinedand connected together, whereby when oneof saidmembers is moved to increase the effective length of its lever arm the o osite member is moved to decrease the e ective length of its lever arm, and means connecting the truck and car body and arranged to center the truck relative to the car body.

17.. The combination with a car body and l a truck under cach end thereof and swiveled thereto, said trucks constituting the sole support for the car body, of a air of lever or rocker members interposed etween the car body and truck, each of said members having a horizontal arm and an inclined arm, the horizontal arms being arranged to support the car bod and the inclined arms being `oppositely inclined and connected together,wherebywhen one of said members is moved to increase the effective length of its lever aimxthe opposite member is moved to decrease the effective len th of its lever arm, and means-,to reventv isplacement of the car bodyl latera ly of the truck.

18. T e combination with a car body and a truck under each end thereof, said trucks constituting the sole support for the car air of lever or rocker members interposed etween the car body and truck each of said members having a horizontal arm and an inclined arm, the horizontal arms bein arranged to support the car body and t e inclined arms being oppositely inclined and connected together, whereby lwhen one of said members is moved to increase .theeffective length l,of its lever arm theo posits member is moved 4to decrease theA e -ective length of its lever arm, land a .kin :pin connection between the car body an truck. i e

y:.19. The combination with a car body and .a truck under each end thereof and swiveled thereto, said trucks constituting the sole support for kthe car body, of a air of lever or rocker.membersfinterposed etween the car Variatie @fbody :and truck, each of said members havingahorizontal arm and an inclined arm, the horizontal arms being arranged to support the" car body and the inclined arms being oppositelv inclined and connected together, whereby when one of said members is moved to increase the effective length of its lever arm they opposite member is moved yso ' slipper to decrease the effective length Aof? its lever arm, universal joint connections'between the horizontal arms of said'members and the car body 'and means connecting the truck and car body and arranged to center the truck relative to the ear body. I l

20. The combination with a car bodyand a truck under each end thereof and swiv'eled thereto, said trucks constituting thesole support for the car body, of a air of lever or rocker members interposed ietween the cai` body and truck, each of said members having a horizontal arm and'an inclined arm, the horizontal arms being arrangedto sup.-

oit the car body andthe inclined arms being oppositely inclined and connected together, whereby when' one of said members is moved to increase the effective length of its lever arm the opposite member is moved to decrease the effective length of its lever arm, universal joint connections between the `horizontal arms of said members and the car body, and means to revent displacement of the car body 4lateral y of the truck. y

21. The combination with' a car body and' a truck under each end thereof, said 'trucks constituting the sole support l for the car body, of a pair of lever or rocker members interposed between the car body and truck each of said.members having a horizontal arm and an inclined arm, the horizontal arms being arranged to support the car body and the inclined arms being, oppsitely inclined and connected"v together,A whereby when oneor` said members is moved to'increase the effective length ofA its lever arm the o posite member is moved to'decrease the e ective length of its lever arm, universal joint connections between the horizontal arms of said `members and the car, body', and

a king pin connection between the truck and ear bod v v'22. 'lhe combination with a car 4body and atrackunder each end thereof and swiveled thereto, said trucks comprising the entire support for the car body, of a air of lever or'roclter 'members linterposed etween the car body and"truck,jeach of said members having lev'er.- Lar'ms of 'variableA 'effective length, lconnections.' between" said I Va'ir of y1e-y ver-or rocker members wherebyiv en' one of said membe'rsis movediii a directio'iito, 'in-y crease itseff'cctive lever farm 'the -.o pcsite *member is movefd'ih `ii.y directipn to` ecrease its effective .lever'ar`m, 'said level".` 'orirocker members 'being so arran' e'd'as tol-lift the car 'body against' gravit Tf'yv iinf'fthefitriiclis jinaterally, l an meansf connecting-,"'the lined truck 'and car bodyiandfarran 'e'dto' center a triiclciider each endthereof and-swiveled "therctx'said tracks' c'`oiistitiitingl the solo ,fjor'the carbo'dl o' 'a air of leve o'r rcker-j'members fintei'pdgd'rbetween th jiitbrp "and arranged te, llift yed together, w erebyhwlieln one 'of said mem- -bers is moved to increase the effective length of its lever arnr the fop osito member is moved to decrease thefe ective length" of its' lever arm,l said "lever or rocker members being so arranged'as-.tolift Vthe c ar body against gravityz `when the truclr' is inclined laterally, and mca'hslconnecting the truck and car body and arranged to center the truck relative to the car body.

24. The combination with.'- a car body and a swiveled truck under each end thereof and swiveled thereto, said trucks comprising the entire support for the car body, of a pair of lover or rocker members interposed between the car body and truck, each of said members having lever arms of variable effective length, connections between said air of lever or rocker members whereby w ien one of said members is moved in a direction to increase its effective lever arm theopposite member is moved in a direction to decrease its effective lever arm, said lever or rocker members being so arranged; as to lift the car body against gravity when the' truck is inclined'laterally, and means to prevent displacement of thecarbody laterallyof the truck.

' 25. The combination .with ya ear body and a swiveled track under each endthereof,

.said trucks comprising the entire 'support for the car body;I of a pair ofjlever or rocker members interposed between the; car body `and truck, eachl ofsaid'members having lever arms ofvariable effective length, c'onnections-between said'pair of lever or rocker .members whereby when diie ofsaid members is moved in adirection to increas'elits eectilvo lever arm .the opposite member is movedin'a direction to decrease its eective lever arm, Asaid lever or rocker members v26; The eonibliation Awith La. `car b'dy and ``comprising the ,entire ,sapport for the .'car

hotly,Y ypf'a a'ir'o lever "or 'rocker members ose'dl .etlin' tlie'ear and' tr'uck l l ecarbodyagainst gravit when the truck is inclined laterally anda justablftransmt the weightof the` `"end 'ffthe car. ody and its-load to the truck, inconnecti'on between tlie .car

body' and truelclfranie.

2 The combinationwith a car body and a swiveled 4track fender,I each end thereof,

lsaid trucks comprising the entire support for the car`body, of a pair of lever or 'rocker members interposed between the truck and car body, each. offsaid members 'having a horizontal arm and aninolmed arm, the horizontal arms being arranged to su the end of the car,V bod and the ino med n rms being oppositelyinc ined and connected; l together, whereby when one ofjsaid mem# bers is moved to increase the effective length of its lever" arm the o posite member is moved to decreasethe e ective length of its lever arm, said lever or rocker-members. be-

ing so arranged as to'lift the earbody.L

against gravity when thetruck is inclined laterally, and means connecting the truck and ear body and arranged tocenter the truck relative to the car body.

28. The combination with a car body and i a swiveled truckunder each end thereof,

said trucks'comprising the entire support for the car body, of a pair of lever or rocker members interposed between the truck and car body, each of said members having a horizontal arm and an inclinedcarm, the

` horizontal arms being arranged to su port the end of the car body and the ine med arms being op ositely inclined and connected together, w iereby when one of said members 1s moved to increase the effective length of its lever arm the o posite member is moved to decrease the e ective-length of its port' lever arm, said lever'or rocker members bemgl so arranged as. 'to'- lift the car body ,against gravity whenlthe truck is inclined' laterall andI meansto ,prevent displacement o Ithelcar -bodylaterally of the truck.v

29. The 'combination with a car body. and a, truck .underl each end thereof, said trucks comprising thev entire'support for the car ,bodyyof ay air oflever orrocker vmembers interposed etween the truck' and'car body eachl of said members having a horizontal arm and an 'inclined arm,4the .horizontal arms being arranged to support the end of the-ear' body andn the inclined arms being 'oppositely inclined and connected together, w ierebywhen one of saidmembers is moved to increase the effective 'length ofvits `lever -arm the oppositetmember is moved to demy hand.

EDGAR W. SUMMERS. Witnesses:.

F. W. WINTER,

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Washington, D. 0. -l 

